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GEOLOGY

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FOREWORD

"The Earth - love it or leave it," is a popular slogan evolving from man's recognition of the perils of an exploding population, a polluted environment, and the limited natural resources of an already plundered planet. Effective solutions to our environmental problems demand an effective knowledge of the earth on which we live.

The object of this book is to introduce the earth: its relation to the rest of the universe, the rocks and minerals of which it is made up, the forces that shape it, and the 5,000,000,000 years of history that have given it its present form. Many topics that are discussed in the book have a very practical and urgent significance for our society, things such as water supply, industrial minerals, ore deposits, and fuels. Others are of importance in longer planning and development, such as earthquake effects, marine erosion, landslides, arid regions, and so on. The earth provides the ultimate basis of our present society: the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, the materials we use. All are the products of our planet.

The study of the earth opens our eyes to a vast scale of time that provides us with new dimensions, meanings, and perspectives. And it reveals the order of the earth, its dynamic interdependence and its structured beauty.

 

 

 

Geology And Ourselves

 4

 

The Earth In Space

 10

 

The Earth's Crust: Composition

 21

 

The Crust: Erosion And Deposition

 32

 

  • Weathering

 34

 

  • Glaciers And Glaciation

 56

 

  • The Oceans

 63

 

  • Winds

 74

 

  • Products Of Deposition

 78

 

The Crust: Subsurface Changes.

 82

  • Volcanoes

63

  • Classification Of Igneous Rocks

89

  • Metamophism

94

  • Minerals And Man

96

  • Crustal Movement

104

  • Rock Deformatin

106

  • Rock Fractures

110

  • Mountain Building

115

  • Earthquakes

124

The Earth' Interior

128

Structure Of The Ocean Floor

136

The Earth' History

148

Other Information

156

Index

157

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